2020英语备课资料：高考英语真题分项详解 专题04 七选五【2017】

专题04  七选五-五年高考英语真题分项详解 【2017】

1.【2017·新课标I】第二节  (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me.  36  

The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.

   37    We  sleep  in  a  tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from  work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor`s bill for my son`s food poisoning.

I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 

  38    Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.

  39    We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.

  40     It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.

A．This time there was no tent.

B．Things are going to be improved.

C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.

D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.

E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.

F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.

G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。

36．D【解析】考查上下文的语境理解。根据前文可知，三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营。暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的however就起到了很好的转折作用。其次，If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前，D选项中的since then“自从那时候起”，和前文时间吻合。故选D。

37.C 【解析】根据后文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营条件很艰苦，C选项The trip they took me on was a rough one.中的rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。

38.A【解析】根据前文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡上厕所，条件很艰苦。而后文中Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A选项This time there was no tent“这次没有帐篷了”暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。

39.F 【解析】根据后文we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全。既然花了这么大精力，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping“那次露营之后，我的家人开始对它感兴趣”符合语境，故选F。

40.E 【解析】根据后文It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.“我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营”既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好的衔接了后文。故选E。

2.【2017·全国新课标II】第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.   36     ,there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.

    37       .Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time.

When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then.    38     .It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.

When you need to someone, don’t do it in your own office.      39    .it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are

If you have a door to your office, make good use of it.     40    .If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter. Excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.

A. If you’re busy, don’t  feel  bad  about  saying  no

B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work zxx.k

C. Set boundaries for yourself　as your time goes

D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area

E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available

F. It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt you

G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not

36.【答案】B【解析】根据“there are several ways to handle things”，可知下文是关于几种防止在工作中被别人打断的方法，根据语境分析，选B。

37.【答案】A【解析】根据后文“Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time”，这一段主要是讲述，学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。故选A。

38.【答案】E【解析】根据横线前“have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then”安排好时间，让他们知道你在什么时候回来，或者告诉他们，你会去找他们，再结合后文“It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions”这样做可以帮助你消除未来被打断的可能，根据句意的衔接，故选E。

39.【答案】D【解析】根据后文“it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are”，此句中it指代前文“don’t do it in your own office.”，也就是说此段中作者认为比起在自己的办公室解释，不在自己的办公室更容易点。故选D

40.【答案】G 【解析】根据“If you have a door to your office,make good use of it.”可知，此段主要是讲述关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。故选G。

3.【2017·新课标III】第二节  (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock   36     Here is how to make one.

   37     In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.

Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags.   38   That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.

Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found.   39  

Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve

tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record.   40   If not, take another look at other methods you could try.

A. Get a sleep specialist.

B. Find the right motivation.

C. A better plan for sleep can help.

D. And consider setting a second alarm.

E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.

F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.

G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何帮助人们制定计划调节生物钟，确保起床不再是一件令人头痛的事情。

36．【答案】C【解析】考察对上下文语境的理解。空前句意：事实上，早起容易的关键在于你的生物钟。空后句意：这里是如何制作一个。故这里C（一个更好的睡眠计划是有帮助的。）符合上下文，故选C。

37. 【答案】B【解析】本段内容是建议人们要先确定为什么要早起，早起的目的是什么，也就是早起的动机是什么。由此推断B可以概括本段中心。

38. 【答案】G 【解析】根据下句内容可知，作者建议人们买一个可以定时的咖啡机，这样可以节约15分钟的喝咖啡时间，能够多睡15分钟，文中的a quarter-hour 和选项中的15 minutes呼应，是信息提示词。故选G。

39.【答案】F【解析】根据段落小标题可知，本段是建议人们在周末也要坚持自己的作息时间，由此推断Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.和本段标题意思相同。故选F。

40.【答案】E【解析】后句建议人们如果这样做没作用就尝试新办法，由此推断该空与If not对应，提出如果有效果的话如何去做。故选E。

4.【2017·北京卷】第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

 Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.    71    

One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.    72    We  know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.

Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.       73  

Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.   74   The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.

If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night`s, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.

Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size.   75   “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.

A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.

D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.

F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.

G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.

【答案】71.C   72.E、 73.F   74.G 75.B

【解析】本文讲述了人和动物为什么需要睡眠的一些理论以及睡眠的重要性。

71.根据前一句When lab rats are not allowed to sleep,they die within a month.羊，老鼠如果不睡觉，

一个月他们就死了，同样，人几天不睡觉，也会生病，人和动物对应起来，死和生病形成对应，故选C。

72.根据前一句提到的睡觉有助于帮助我们加强新的记忆，所以学生在学习新知识后如果有机会睡一觉，他们在考试中就会表现得更好，前后逻辑关系很顺畅，因果联系，故选E。

73.根据下文中的he，可知此处要提到一个人，以及他的理论，正好F项中有，故选F。

74.根据下文中提到的关键词synapses in the  mice以及整个句子可知，他肯定做了关于老鼠的实验，G项有关键词synapses，mice，都与他的实验有关，故答案为G。

75.根据后一句提到的You keep what matters,你记住重要的东西，可知大脑会把最重要的记忆保存下来，前后逻辑关系顺畅，故选B。

5.【2017·浙江卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews

The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the sport. _____31_____ But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.

When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic

and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?” _____32_____

Hit the streets with confidence. _____33_____ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering

if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not intereste，Don’t get discouraged.

 34  Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.  35

 If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them.

A. Limit your time.

B. As you approach people, be polite.

C. If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one.

D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.

E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.

F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.

G. With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.

本文主要讲述了如何进行街头采访。文中给了几个小贴士来帮助那些新记者更轻松的进行街头采访，比如采访前计划好话题和问题，增强自己的信心，限制采访的时间等。

31．【答案】D【解析】根据后一句“But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.”可知，以下这些小贴士会让你的采访很容易。“but”一词连接两句相反的句意，故可推测，空白处会写道采访是件很困难的事。结合选项，故选D。

32．【答案】G 【解析】根据前文“think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it.”可知，本段讲的是在采访前需要想好话题以及和话题相关的问题，空白处前一句是一个问题，关键词“questions”，结合选项，故选G。

33.【答案】B【解析】根据空格后一句所说的很有礼貌的提问，可知这里的建议应该是提问时要注意礼貌，而选项B中的polite正好与其相呼应，故选B.

34.【答案】A【解析】根据空格后一句“Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes.”可知这一段的建议是要限制采访的时间，故选A.

35.【答案】F【解析】根据空格前一句“A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten”, 而选项F中“That number of interviews…”正好与其相呼应，故选F.